CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Ada tiga jenis Conditional Sentences, yakni Conditional Sentences Type 1, Conditional Sentences Type 2, dan Conditional Sentences Type 3.

A.      CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 1

IF + SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE, SUBJECT + WILL + VERB-1

Conditional sentence type 1 ini digunakan untukmenyatakan bahwa sesuatu mungkin telah terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang.

       If I have free time, I will visit you.

       If I have enough money, I will treat you.

       If I he visites me to his birthday party, I will come.

Ketika kita mengubah pola kalimat positif diatas menjadi kalimat negative, itu menunjukan bahwa sesuatu mungkin tidak akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang.

IF + NEGATIVE SIMPLE PRESENT, SUBJECT +WILL NOT +VERB-1

If I don’t have free time, I will not visit you.

If I don’t have enough money, I will treat you.

If I he doesn’t visites me to his birthday party, I will not come.

Kata WILL pada main clause juga bisa diganti dengan modal verbs yang lain untuk menunjukkan berbagai fungsiyang lain sesuai dengan fungsi modal verbs tersebut:

       Permission :  If you finish your job, you may leave now.

                              If you are hungry, you can have lunch now.

       Possibility   : If we go now, we may meet him before he leaves for his office.

B.       CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 2

IF + SIMPLE PAST, SUBJECT + WOULD +VERB-1

       Conditional sentence type 2 ini digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa sesuatu bertentangan dengan apa yang sebenarnya terjadi. Arti yang sebenarnya adalah dalam bentuk present tense.

            If I had a car, I would go around the city.

            (Artinya: I dont have a car now, so I don’t go around the city.)

            If I knew Steven’s phone number, I would phone him.

            (Artinya: I don’t know Steven’s phone number, so I don’t phone him.)

       Bentuk TO BE ‘WERE’ lebih lazim digunakan daripada ‘WAS’ untuk semua subjek kalimat dalam conditional sentence type 2:

            If I were  you, I would go home now.

            (Artinya: I am not you, so I don’t go home now.)

            If he were here, I would ask him to help me.

            (Artinya: He is not here, so I don’t ask him to help me.)

            If she were my girlfriend, I would leave her.

            If it were not raining, I would go out.

            If they were in Bali, I would contack them.

            If we were not very tired, we would continue the work.

C.       CONDITIIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 3

IF + PAST PERFECT TENSE + WOULD/COULD/MIGHT + HAVE VERB-3

       Arti yang sebenarnya dari kalimat conditional sentence type 3 adalah dalam past tense.

            If I had met her, I would have asked her to phone you.

            (Artinya: I did not meet her, so I did not ask her to phone you.)

            If I had seen her at the party, I would have said hello.

            (Artinya: I did not see her at the party, so i did not say hello.)

            If they had played better, they might have won.

            If the weather had been good, I could have gone to the beach.

       Conditioinal sentence type 3 juga bisa diubah ke dalam bentuk negative.

IF + NEGATIVE PAST PERFECT + WOULD NOT + HAVE VERB-3

            If the police had not stopped me,I would not have come late.

            (Artinya: The police stopped me, so I came late.)

            If they had not played better, they might not have won.