SIMPLE PAST TENSE

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

A.      Pola Kalimat Simple Past Tense

Ada 2 jenis kalimat dalam Simple Past Tense, yaitu kalimat verbal (menggunakan V2) dan kalimat nominal (menggunakan to be).

1.       Pola Kalimat Verbal Simple Past Tense

Kalimat Verbal Positive

SUBJECT + VERB-2

Semua subject (I, you, we ,they, he, she, it) diikuti oleh Verb-2. Misalnya:

I visited them last week.

He went to school yesterday.

She listened to the radio this morning.

It rained yesterday.

We played badminton yesterday.

You met her last week.

They came here last night.

                          

Kalimat Verbal Negative

SUBJECT + DID NOT (DIDN’T) + VERB-1

Kalimat negative dibentuk dengan meletakkan did not (didn’t) setelah subject.

Verb-2 dalam kalimat negative dikembalikan menjadi verb-1 karena terpengaruh oleh kata bantu did. Contoh:

I did not  visit them last week.

He did not go to school yesterday.

She did not listen to the radio this morning.

It did not rain yesterday.

We did not play badminton yesterday.

You did not meet her last week.

They did not come here last night.

Kalimat Verbal Interrogative / Tanya

DID + SUBJECT + VERB-1?

Kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan meletakkan did di depan kalimat.

Verb-2 dalam kalimat tanya dikembalikan menjadi verb-1 karena terpengaruh oleh kata bantu did. Contoh:

Did I visit them last week?

Did he go to school yesterday?

Did she listen to the radio this morning?

Did it rain yesterday?    

Did we play badminton yesterday?

Did you meet her last week?

Did they come here last night?

2.       Pola Kalimat Nominal Simple Past Tense

Kalimat Nominal Positive

SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + ADJECTIVE/ADVERB OF PLACE/NOUN

Was diikuti oleh subject I, he, she, it atau subject tunggal yang lain.

Were diikuti oleh they, we, you atau subject jamak yang lain.

To be (was dan were) diikuti oleh Adjectives (kata sifat), Adverb of Place (kata keterangan tempat), dan Noun (kata benda), contoh:

a.       Diikuti oleh adjective (kata sifat)

He was tired yesterday.

We were sleepy last night.

They were bored yesterday.

b.      Diikuti oleh adverb of place (kata keterangan tempat)

He was in Jakarta yesterday.

We were at home a few minutes ago.

They were in the cinema last night.

c.       Diikuti oleh noun (kata benda)

He was a policeman ten years ago.

We were students last year.

Kalimat Nominal Negative

SUBJECT + WAS/WERE + NOT + ADJECTIVE/ADVERB OF PLACE/NOUN

Kalimat negative dibentuk dengan menambah not setelah to be. Contoh:

a.       Diikuti oleh adjective (kata sifat)

He was not tired yesterday.

We were not sleepy last night.

They were not bored yesterday.

b.      Diikuti oleh adverb of place (kata keterangan tempat)

He was not in Jakarta yesterday.

We were not at home a few minutes ago.

They were not in the cinema last night.

c.       Diikuti oleh noun (kata benda)

He was not a policeman ten years ago.

We were not students last year.

Kalimat Nominal Interrogative / Tanya

WAS/WERE + SUBJECT + ADJECTIVE/ADVERB OF PLACE/NOUN?

Kalimat tanya dibentuk dengan memindahkan to be pada awal kalimat. Contoh:

a.       Diikuti oleh adjective (kata sifat)

Was he tired yesterday?

Were we sleepy last night?

Were they bored yesterday?

b.      Diikuti oleh adverb of place (kata keterangan tempat)

Was he in Jakarta yesterday?

Were we at home a few minutes ago?

Were they in the cinema last night?

c.       Diikuti oleh noun (kata benda)

Was he a policeman ten years ago?

Were we students last year?

B.      Keterangan waktu pada Simple Past Tense

Kata keterangan waktu yang biasa digunakan dalam simple past tense adalah: yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, last night, last week, last month, last year, last holiday, last Saturday, last December, a few minutes ago, two days ago, five weeks ago, dll.

C.      Cara membentuk Regular Past Verb

1.       Akhiran –d ditambahkan pada kata kerja yang huruf akhirnya –e, misal:

arrive – arrived

invite – invited

2.       Jika kata kerja berakhiran dengan konsonan yang didahului oleh sebuah vocal, maka konsonan itu diulang kemudian ditambah –ed, misal:

stop – stopped

travel – travelled

3.       Jika kata kerja berakhiran dengan –y, ubahlah –y menjadi –I lalu tambahkan –ed, misal:

cry – cried

try – tried

4.       Kata kerja yang berakhiran dengan –y yang didahului oleh vocal, cukup tambahkan akhiran –ed, misal:

play – played

stay - stayed

D.      Fungsi Simple Past Tense

1.       Menyatakan kegiatan yang dilakukan atau yang terjadi pada masa lampau, misalnya:

I watched TV before I slept last night.

He went to Bali last week.

2.       Menyatakan kebiasaanyang dilakukan pada waktu lampau, misal:

We always played football in the afternoon when we were small.

They never went to the cinema when they were small.

E.       Latihan Soal Simple Past Tense

Change the word in the brackets into a correct verb to complete the sentences in simple past tense.

1.       Linda …..(to be) in Lombok last holiday.

2.       How long did she …..(stay) in this hotel last holiday?

3.       I …..(to be) at home yesterday.

4.       Nisa …..(come) here last night.

5.       It did not …..(rain) this morning.

6.       We …..(visit) them last week.

7.       The baby …..(cry) last night.

8.       My mother did not …..(cook) yesterday morning.

9.       Mila …..(invite) her friends to the party last night.

10.   Did you …..(meet) her yesterday?